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In this demo, we introduce a web-based misinformation detection system PANACEA on COVID-19 related claims, which has two modules, fact-checking and rumour detection. Our fact-checking module, which is supported by novel natural language inference methods with a self-attention network, outperforms state-of-the-art approaches. It is also able to give automated veracity assessment and ranked supporting evidence with the stance towards the claim to be checked. In addition, PANACEA adapts the bi-directional graph convolutional networks model, which is able to detect rumours based on comment networks of related tweets, instead of relying on the knowledge base. This rumour detection module assists by warning the users in the early stages when a knowledge base may not be available. © 2023 Association for Computational Linguistics.
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Objective:To determine the therapeutic effect of Gegentang granules on a disease-syndrome mouse model combining human coronavirus 229EhCoV-229Epneumonia with Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome in vivo. Method(s): Mice were randomly divided into normal group,infection group,cold-dampness group,model group,chloroquine phosphate group0.18 g.kg-1,interferon-alpha2bIFN-alpha2bgroup1.83x106 U.kg-1, Gegentang granules high-dose and low-dose groups6.6,3.3 g.kg-1with 10 mice in each group. Cold-dampness environment and hCoV-229E infection were used for modeling,and the general status and lung index of mice in each group were observed. The viral load in lung tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reactionReal-time PCR,the pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosinHEstaining,the levels of serum gastrointestinal hormones and inflammatory factors in lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA,and the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Result(s):Comparing with model group,Gegentang granules could significantly alleviate the physical signs of Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome,including listlessness,weakness of limbs,sticky stool,etc. Comparing with model group,Gegentang granules high-dose group significantly reduced lung index,histopathological score of interstitial lung and bronchus,and the level of serum motilinP< 0.05,P<0.01,two doses of Gegentang granules could significantly increase the level of serum gastrinP< 0.05,P<0.01,the percentage of CD4+ ,CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral bloodP<0.05,P<0.01,and the level of tumor necrosis factor-alphaTNF-alphain lung tissue was significantly decreasedP<0.01,and the level of interleukin-6IL-6showed decreasing tendency. Conclusion(s): Gegentang granules has therapeutic effect on model mice. It can improve the appearance and behavior characterization,regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones,decrease lung index and histopathological score,and possibly play an immunomodulatory role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and restoring the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes.Copyright © 2022, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica. All rights reserved.
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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread worldwide and threatened human's health. With the passing of time, the epidemiology of coronavirus disease 2019 evolves and the knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 infection accumulates. To further improve the scientific and standardized diagnosis and treatment of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in China, the Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine of Chinese Medical Association commissioned leading experts to develop the Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection under the guidance of the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Health Commission. This recommendations includes the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, maternal care, medication treatment, care of birth and newborns, and psychological support associated with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is hoped that the recommendations will effectively help the clinical management of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection.Copyright © Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Objective:To determine the therapeutic effect of in vitro cultivation of bezoar on a mouse model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. Method: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups according to their weight grade:normal group,HCoV-229E infection group,cold and damp group,a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome,and high and low dose group of in vitro cultivation of bezoar. The combination model of human coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome mice was established by the method of cold dampness condition stimulation+coronavirus HCoV-229E infection. In vitro cultivation of bezoar (0.128,0.064 g.kg-1 )was administrated by gavage for 3 days from the day of infection. The observation indexes included:general state observation of mice,inhibition rate of lung index and lung index of mice. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR)was used to detect the viral load in the lung tissues of mice. Serum levels of motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS),and cytokines interleukin(IL)-10,IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha)and interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma)in lung tissue of mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes,CD8+ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the blood of mice were determined by flow cytometry. Result:The high and low dose group of in vitro cultivation of bezoar can significantly improve the general condition of model mice. Compared with blank group, model group mice lung index increased significantly(P<0.01), nucleic acids significantly increased expression of lung tissue in mice(P<0.01),significantly higher serum MTL content in mice,GAS content significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),lung tissue cells in the immune factor TNF-alpha,IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly increased(P<0.01),peripheral blood lymphocyte CD4+ T cells in mice,The percentages of CD8+ T cells and B cells were significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with model group, in vitro cultivation bezoar mice lung index of high and low dose group were significantly lower(P<0.01),the lung tissue of mice express nucleic acid decreased significantly(P<0.01),MTL content decreased significantly(P< 0.01),the lung tissue of mice in the IL-6,IL-10,the TNF-alpha,IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower(P<0.01), in vitro cultivation bezoar high dose group can significantly increase the CD4+ T cell percentage(P<0.05),in vitro cultivation bezoar can to a certain extent reduce model mice lung inflammatory exudation,pulmonary interstitial edema,as well as blood stasis symptoms. Conclusion:In vitro cultivation of bezoar has a significant therapeutic effect on a mice model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. It can be treated by reducing the lung index of the model mice,improving the pathological damage of the lung tissue,adjusting the immune effective and inhibiting the clearing of inflammatory factors,and to provide a laboratory basis for clinical medication.Copyright © 2021, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica. All rights reserved.
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The port is the basic support for regional economic development and the global allocation of resources. With the rapid development of China's economy and growing ecological awareness, the assessment of port and regional efficiency has received unprecedented attention. In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, how the port and its region will be coordinated under the common goal of development has become a hot topic. In this study, the port subsystem (P-subsystem) and the regional subsystem (R-subsystem) are unified into the port–region system (PR system), and a new meta-frontier two-stage data envelopment analysis model is constructed to evaluate the P-subsystem efficiency and the environmental efficiency of the PR system. This research also measures the port–regional coordination level using the coordination index and explores the inefficiency of the PR system with the help of management improvement and technology improvement indices. Main results show that the overall efficiency of the Chinese PR system is increasing. The technological level of the PR system in coastal areas is close to the optimal level. The inefficiency of the Chinese PR system is mainly affected by management inefficiency. The coordination of regional and port development in China is also poor. Finally, on the basis of the research findings, this study provides targeted countermeasure suggestions to promote the efficiency enhancement and coordinated development of the PR system. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd
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Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of arbidol in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Method(s): Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies on the efficacy and safety of arbidol for COVID-19, influenza, andother respiratory virus infections were collected by searching related database at home and abroad and network platform for preprint of Health Science Papers (medRxiv) (up to April 25, 2020). Quality of the enrolled studies was evaluated by bias risk assessment tool of Cochrane collaboration network and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis and descriptive analysis of relevant outcome indicators were performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Result(s): A total of 15 studies were enrolled in the study, including 7 cohort studies with high-quality and 8 RCTs, 6 of which were with low bias risk and the other 2 of which were with medium bias risk. Among these studies, 8 were on arbidol treatment for COVID-19, including 5 retrospective cohort studies, 2 prospective cohort studies, and 1 RCT, and involving 809 patients (479 patients in the arbidol group and 330 in the control group);7 were RCTs on arbidol treatment for influenza or other respiratory virus infections, involving 1 471 patients (745 patients in the arbidol group and 726 in the control group).In these studies, patients were treated with arbidol (0.15-1.2 g daily for 5-21 d) in the arbidol group while with the other antiviral agents or without any antiviral drug in the control group. Meta analysis on the efficacy and safety of arbidol in treatment for COVID-19 showed that the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) nucleic acid negative conversion rate in the arbidol group was significantly higher than that in the control group [71.7% (109/152) vs. 58.8% (94/160), relative risk (RR)=1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.67, P=0.04];the difference of time taken for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid negative conversion between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (standardized mean difference=-0.17, 95%CI: -0.72-0.38, P=0.55);the difference of disease improvement rate shown by chest CT on day 7 after treatment between the 2 groups was not statistically significant [46.2% (30/65) vs. 50.7% (36/71), RR=0.88, 95%CI: 0.39-1.98, P=0.76];and the difference of incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups was not statistically significant [16.9% (39/231) vs. 19.2% (47/245), risk difference (RD)=-0.03, 95%CI: -0.10-0.04, P=0.44]. Meta analysis on the safety of arbidol in treatment for influenza and other respiratory virus infections showed that the incidence of adverse reactions in the arbidol group was significantly lower than that in the control group [5.9% (44/745) vs. 11.3% (82/726), RR=0.52, 95%CI: 0.37-0.74, P<0.01]. Conclusion(s): Arbidol could effectively increase the 2019-nCoV nucleic acid negative conversion rate and it might be safe to treat COVID-19 using arbidol.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Objective: To explore the occurrence of adverse reactions of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Method(s): The medical records of patients with COVID-19 who received LPV/r treatment in the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning from January 24th to February 6th, 2020 were collected and the occurrence of adverse events during the treatment was retrospectively analyzed. According to the 5 principles of adverse drug reaction correlation evaluation proposed in the Handbook of Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring in China, adverse events that were certainly related, probably related, and possibly related to LPV/r were defined as LPV/r-related adverse reactions. The incidence of adverse reactions was calculated and the main clinical manifestations and severity of adverse reactions [grade 1 (mild), grade 2 (moderate), grade 3 (severe), grade 4 (life-threatening), and grade 5 (death);grade 3-5 was defined as severe adverse reaction] were analyzed. Result(s): A total of 28 patients were enrolled in the analysis, including 13 males and 15 females, aged from 18 to 70 years with an average age of 44 years. The courses of treatment with LPV/r of patients ranged from 2 to 12 days, with a median course of 6 days. Of the 28 patients, 18 developed LPV/r related adverse reactions, with an incidence of 64.3%. The LPV/r-related adverse reactions in 18 patients included gastrointestinal reactions in 14 patients (grade 1 in 13 patients and grade 2 in 1 patient), bradycardia in 2 patients (grade 2 in both patients), and acute hemolysis in 1 patient (grade 3), and liver injury in 1 patient (grade 3), and no grade 4 or 5 adverse reactions occurred. The incidence of severe adverse reactions was 7.1%. Thirteen patients with grade 1 adverse reactions did not affect the treatment, and the symptoms were relieved after 2-7 days of continuous medication. LPV/r was discontinued in 5 patients with grade 2 or 3 adverse reactions, 4 of whom received symptomatic treatment, and the symptoms disappeared 2-10 days later. Conclusion(s): The incidence of adverse reactions in COVID-19 patients treated with LPV/r in our hospital was 64.3%. LPV/r mainly leads to mild gastrointestinal reactions and can also lead to bradycardia, acute hemolysis, and liver injury. Blood routine, liver function, and electrocardiogram need to be monitored during the treatment.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Many countries have implemented school closures due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has inevitably affected children's physical and mental health. It is vital for parents to pay special attention to their children's health status during school closures. However, it is difficult for parents to recognize the changes in their children's health, especially without visible symptoms, such as psychosocial functioning in mental health. Moreover, healthcare resources and understanding of the health and societal impact of COVID-19 are quite limited during the pandemic. Against this background, we collected real-world datasets from 1,172 children in Hong Kong during four time periods under different pandemic and school closure conditions from September 2019 to January 2022. Based on these data, we first perform exploratory data analysis to explore the impact of school closures on six health indicators, including physical activity intensity, physical functioning, self-rated health, psychosocial functioning, resilience, and connectedness. We further study the correlation between children's contextual characteristics (i.e., demographics, socioeconomic status, electronic device usage patterns, financial satisfaction, academic performance, sleep pattern, exercise habits, and dietary patterns) and the six health indicators. Subsequently, a health inference system is designed and developed to infer children's health status based on their contextual features to derive the risk factors of the six health indicators. The evaluation and case studies on real-world datasets show that this health inference system can help parents and authorities better understand key factors correlated with children's health status during school closures. © 2023 ACM.
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Objective:To determine the therapeutic effect of in vitro cultivation of bezoar on a mouse model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. Method: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups according to their weight grade:normal group,HCoV-229E infection group,cold and damp group,a mouse model combining disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome,and high and low dose group of in vitro cultivation of bezoar. The combination model of human coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome mice was established by the method of cold dampness condition stimulation+coronavirus HCoV-229E infection. In vitro cultivation of bezoar (0.128,0.064 g.kg-1 )was administrated by gavage for 3 days from the day of infection. The observation indexes included:general state observation of mice,inhibition rate of lung index and lung index of mice. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR)was used to detect the viral load in the lung tissues of mice. Serum levels of motilin(MTL),gastrin(GAS),and cytokines interleukin(IL)-10,IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-alpha)and interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma)in lung tissue of mice were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes,CD8+ T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the blood of mice were determined by flow cytometry. Result:The high and low dose group of in vitro cultivation of bezoar can significantly improve the general condition of model mice. Compared with blank group, model group mice lung index increased significantly(P<0.01), nucleic acids significantly increased expression of lung tissue in mice(P<0.01),significantly higher serum MTL content in mice,GAS content significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),lung tissue cells in the immune factor TNF-alpha,IL-10 and IL-6 were significantly increased(P<0.01),peripheral blood lymphocyte CD4+ T cells in mice,The percentages of CD8+ T cells and B cells were significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with model group, in vitro cultivation bezoar mice lung index of high and low dose group were significantly lower(P<0.01),the lung tissue of mice express nucleic acid decreased significantly(P<0.01),MTL content decreased significantly(P< 0.01),the lung tissue of mice in the IL-6,IL-10,the TNF-alpha,IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower(P<0.01), in vitro cultivation bezoar high dose group can significantly increase the CD4+ T cell percentage(P<0.05),in vitro cultivation bezoar can to a certain extent reduce model mice lung inflammatory exudation,pulmonary interstitial edema,as well as blood stasis symptoms. Conclusion:In vitro cultivation of bezoar has a significant therapeutic effect on a mice model adding disease with syndrome of coronavirus pneumonia with Yidu Xifei syndrome. It can be treated by reducing the lung index of the model mice,improving the pathological damage of the lung tissue,adjusting the immune effective and inhibiting the clearing of inflammatory factors,and to provide a laboratory basis for clinical medication.Copyright © 2021, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica. All rights reserved.
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An acyclic model, often depicted as a directed acyclic graph (DAG), has been widely employed to represent directional causal relations among collected nodes. In this article, we propose an efficient method to learn linear non-Gaussian DAG in high dimensional cases, where the noises can be of any continuous non-Gaussian distribution. The proposed method leverages the concept of topological layer to facilitate the DAG learning, and its theoretical justification in terms of exact DAG recovery is also established under mild conditions. Particularly, we show that the topological layers can be exactly reconstructed in a bottom-up fashion, and the parent-child relations among nodes can also be consistently established. The established asymptotic DAG recovery is in sharp contrast to that of many existing learning methods assuming parental faithfulness or ordered noise variances. The advantage of the proposed method is also supported by the numerical comparison against some popular competitors in various simulated examples as well as a real application on the global spread of COVID-19. ©2022 Ruixuan Zhao, Xin He, and Junhui Wang.
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The outbreak of COVID-2019 has revealed significant challenges in the field of public health security worldwide, especially in rural regions where public infrastructure is poor and public health security is insufficient. In this study, a new type of gas conditioner that combines the functions of sterilization, insect repelling, and carbon-rich fertilization is proposed considering the characteristics of rural an-ti-epidemic measures. The conditioner unit is based on gas-solid adsorption and solid chlorine dioxide technology. The unit adopts the method of combining four-bed electric swing adsorption carbon capture combined with a pressure swing adsorption nitrogen generation cycle method to enrich CO2 and N2 . At the same time, solid chlorine dioxide is applied to the adsorbent to achieve sterilization. Based on test data and simulation models, we analyzed the effects of the temperature difference on the adsorption and desorption temperatures in the car-bon capture cycle, and the outlet flow rate. We also analyzed the effects of the adsorption pressure in the nitrogen generation cycle on the separation performance (recovery rate, purity, and productivity) and energy-efficient performance (specific energy consumption, minimum separation work, second-law efficiency) of the gas conditioner. The results show that the CO2 recovery rate, purity, and produc-tivity all increase with temperature difference;the purity of N2 decreases with an increase in outlet flow rate, and increases with the ad-sorption pressure;the N2 recovery rate and productivity improve with an increase in outlet flow rate and adsorption pressure;the specific energy consumption of the system increases with the increase in the adsorption pressure, and decreases with an increase in the temperature difference and the outlet flow rate;the second law efficiency shows the opposite trend to the specific energy consumption. The simulation results show that when the temperature difference is 105 K, the outlet flow rate is 0. 01 m/ s, and the adsorption pressure is 1 MPa, the purity of CO2 and N2 both reach the maximum, which are 80. 6% VOL and 97. 05% VOL, respectively. The specific energy consumption of the system was 2. 13 MJ/ kg, the efficiency of the second law was 4. 71%, and the energy efficiency performance was better. Even under © 2021 The Author(s).
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The disequilibrium between supply and demand of agricultural products is a common problem being faced by many countries with severe novel coronavirus pneumonia. It has caused serious losses to agricultural producer income and urban consumer welfare. It points out the imbalance between the supply and demand of agricultural products in our country under the new crown pneumonia epidemic: the production end of agricultural products is difficult to sell, farmers suffer heavy losses, the consumption end of the agricultural product supply is tight, and the basic characteristics of residents' welfare are damaged. This study uses uncertainty economics theory to comprehensively analyze the internal mechanism of the disequilibrium between the supply and demand of agricultural products in China. The results indicate that the outbreak of COVID-19 epidemic has brought serious uncertainty to the health and safety of practitioners engaged in the circulation of agricultural products, which was regarded as the main reason for the disequilibrium between supply and demand. The uncertainty was demonstrated by the dramatically increasing circulation cost of agricultural products and the enforced interruption of the transactions and logistics for some agricultural products. Therefore, it is suggested that government should implement insurance system for public health emergency, innovate the business model for agricultural products circulation, increase the temporary subsidy, release the epidemic risk level directly and train the anti epidemic ability for agricultural product circulation practitioners. These public efforts would reduce the additional cost caused by the uncertain factors such as epidemic situation, ensure the effective operation of supply chain for agricultural products, and guarantee the safety and stability of agricultural industry chain, which would be helpful to avoid the recurrence of the similar issue on disequilibrium between supply and demand. © 2022 Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization. All rights reserved.
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Study Objectives: The use of peer-instructed ultrasound teleguidance has the potential to provide high-quality, cost-effective clinical education to medical students. The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted focus to alternatives to in-person learning, and demonstrated the success of many such programs. Furthermore, there is increased demand for novel teaching modalities that are adaptable and broad in application, such as teaching techniques such as pulmonary ultrasound that have grown in popularity in the past decade and most recently in the pandemic. However, there is a limited amount of data evaluating the effectiveness of such methods in practice. Our primary aim is to evaluate how peer- taught teleguidance teaching compares to traditional in-person teaching of ultrasound in undergraduate medical students. Our secondary aim is to evaluate its application specifically in teaching pulmonary ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method(s): In a single center study, 47 first year undergraduate medical students were recruited and randomized into either a traditional in-person teaching group or a peer-instructed ultrasound teleguidance group using the Butterfly iQ+ portable ultrasound probe. Sample size analysis was performed using ClinCalc, and the minimum sample size required to power the study with 90% power and 0.05 alpha was 42 students. Proficiency was assessed by change in knowledge score on pre and post-test, and objective structured clinical exam (OSCE). Change in confidence, overall experience, and experience with a peer instructor measured using a 5-point Likert scale. Two one-sided t-test (TOST) used to measure equivalency between the two groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this methodology was repeated with a new cohort using a novel subject topic of pulmonary ultrasound in the setting of growing clinical application during the COVID-19 pandemic. Result(s): The teleguidance group performed as well as the traditional in-person group in terms of knowledge change, confidence change, OSCE time and OSCE scores (p = 0.010, p = 0.005, p = 0.005, p = 0.0015, respectively). The teleguidance group rated the experience highly overall (4.06/5), but less than the traditional group (p = 0.448). Peer-instruction was overall rated 4.35/5. Additional results from a follow-up study involving retention and cross-topic application in pulmonary ultrasound relevant to clinical COVID-19 education are pending and will be added upon acceptance. Conclusion(s): Peer-instructed teleguidance is an effective method of teaching ultrasound to undergraduate medical students. With the increasing need for virtual education and growing evidence in teleguidance peer-education, this holds promising pilot data for future developments in its use in undergraduate medical education. No, authors do not have interests to disclose Copyright © 2022
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Objective：To determine the therapeutic effect of Gegentang granules on a disease-syndrome mouse model combining human coronavirus 229E（hCoV-229E）pneumonia with Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome in vivo. Method： Mice were randomly divided into normal group，infection group，cold-dampness group，model group，chloroquine phosphate group（0.18 g·kg-1），interferon-α2b（IFN-α2b）group（1.83×106 U·kg-1）， Gegentang granules high-dose and low-dose groups（6.6，3.3 g·kg-1）with 10 mice in each group. Cold-dampness environment and hCoV-229E infection were used for modeling，and the general status and lung index of mice in each group were observed. The viral load in lung tissue was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR），the pathological changes in lung tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin（HE）staining，the levels of serum gastrointestinal hormones and inflammatory factors in lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA），and the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. Result：Comparing with model group，Gegentang granules could significantly alleviate the physical signs of Hanshi Yidu Xifei syndrome，including listlessness，weakness of limbs，sticky stool，etc. Comparing with model group，Gegentang granules high-dose group significantly reduced lung index，histopathological score of interstitial lung and bronchus，and the level of serum motilin（P< 0.05，P<0.01），two doses of Gegentang granules could significantly increase the level of serum gastrin（P< 0.05，P<0.01），the percentage of CD4+ ，CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood（P<0.05，P<0.01），and the level of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in lung tissue was significantly decreased（P<0.01），and the level of interleukin-6（IL-6）showed decreasing tendency. Conclusion： Gegentang granules has therapeutic effect on model mice. It can improve the appearance and behavior characterization，regulate the level of gastrointestinal hormones，decrease lung index and histopathological score，and possibly play an immunomodulatory role by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue and restoring the percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes. © 2022, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica. All rights reserved.
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With the proposal of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutralization", Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has gradually garnered the attention of energy market as a clean and low-carbon energy. In this context, it is of great significance to analyze the evolution mode of the LNG maritime transport network, so as to master the dynamic of global energy pattern and the status of China's import trade. In this paper, the evolution trend of the global LNG maritime transport network from 2018 to 2020 is explored based on the ship trajectory data and complex network theory. Meanwhile, according to China's trade status, LNG import sources, distribution of main import ports, and the inflow status of the top three import ports in China are analyzed. The results show that: (1) From 2018 to 2020, the global LNG maritime transport network expanded with a "scale-free" characteristic. The "breadth" and "depth" of node connections in the backbone network are increasing, and there is a risk that global LNG trade will become monopolistic;(2) The countries along the "Belt and Road Initiative" actively participated in trade. The numbers of import ports and import voyages in Central and North America, South and Southeast Asia have significantly increased, and in particular, Sabetta and Bonny ranked the top eight globally according to their export volume;(3) The average shortest path length of the network is increasing year by year from 2018 to 2020, and the new mode of "transshipment port" business is gradually emerging. By 2020, 21 transshipment ports have participated in LNG trade, and the United States occupies the dominant position in global transshipment;(4) In recent three years, China's LNG import scale has developed rapidly, and the flow direction of the maritime transport network tends to be diversified. However, Australia is still the main LNG source for China. In terms of import volume, the ports of Tianjin, Shenzhen, and Yung'an rank the top three in China, and the pressure to reduce carbon emissions has prompted the economically developed regions to build terminals and increase imports. © 2022, Science Press. All right reserved.
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Anti-epidemic emergency engineering refers to the engineering response and construction project that must be timely implemented in the event of an epidemic event or hidden danger, which plays a decisive role in ensuring the prevention and control of the epidemic in the epidemic-stricken areas. Based on the initial development of COVID-19 epidemic and the anti-epidemic emergency engineering construction in Wuhan City, this paper analyzes the research significance of construction community in the anti-epidemic emergency engineering construction management, and presents a method of anti-epidemic emergency engineering management based on construction community, including the members composition and management contents of the construction community. Finally, a study of practical example is carried out based on the emergency engineering construction project of Huoshenshan Hospital. © Conference Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Project Management, China, ISPM 2022.
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The sudden outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 poses a significant threat to the health and safety of people worldwide. Given the speed and scope of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have carried out scientific collaboration in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper divides academic discourse power into academic discourse right and academic discourse impact. The number of published papers reflects the discourse right, and the number of cites reflects the academic discourse impact. The visualization analysis of research papers from 2019 to 2020 describes the worldwide scientific collaboration on COVID-19, and the academic discourse power of authors, institutions, and countries can be studied from the perspective of scientific collaboration. We analyze the scientific collaboration of 27,851 papers related to COVID-19 published during 2019-2020 from the perspectives of authors, institutions, and countries by using HistCite and VosViewer. Pearson correlation analysis is used to study the correlation between scientific collaboration, the number of published papers, and the number of cites. Furthermore, we find that scientific collaboration positively correlates with academic discourse right and academic discourse impact. Based on analysis of author collaboration, institutional collaboration and country collaboration, it was concluded that China has the highest total cites, reflecting its high academic discourse impact during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the USA has the highest number of international collaborators and the highest total number of published papers, reflecting its high discourse right during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of cites and the number of published papers are significantly positively correlated with the number of collaborators in Pearson correlation of author collaboration, institutional collaboration and country collaboration.This study has presented the global collaboration on the research of COVID-19. We compared academic discourse right and academic discourse impact across different levels of authors, institutions, and countries, concluding that academic discourse right and academic discourse impact are significantly positively correlated with the number of collaborators. © 2022 ACM.
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What is already known about this topic? Data are limited regarding the risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization after COVID-19 vaccination and previous infection. What is added by this report? During May-November 2021, case and hospitalization rates were highest among persons who were unvaccinated without a previous diagnosis. Before Delta became the predominant variant in June, case rates were higher among persons who survived a previous infection than persons who were vaccinated alone. By early October, persons who survived a previous infection had lower case rates than persons who were vaccinated alone. What are the implications for public health practice? Although the epidemiology of COVID-19 might change as new variants emerge, vaccination remains the safest strategy for averting future SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, long-term sequelae, and death. Primary vaccination, additional doses, and booster doses are recommended for all eligible persons. Additional future recommendations for vaccine doses might be warranted as the virus and immunity levels change.
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Background: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has caused a pandemic that has rapidly affected the whole world and caused a significant threat to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the social and occupational effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in three different countries: China, Spain, and Cuba. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was designed to assess the social and occupational effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in MS patients in these three countries, using a 25-item anonymous online questionnaire, structured into three sections. Quantitative data are expressed as mean (standard deviation), and quantitative data as absolute frequency and percentage. Results: A total of 361 participants responded to the questionnaire: 194 from China, 104 from Spain, and 63 from Cuba. We found no cases of COVID-19 among Chinese patients with MS, and few cases in Spain and Cuba. Respondents reported different levels of impact on relationships with friends, family, and colleagues, and patients in all three countries described increased use of digital or social media platforms. Spanish patients reported a significantly less negative impact than those in Cuba and China. Mental and cognitive effects were similar in all three countries, although China seemed to have a better situation. We also found that the time spent exercising decreased at specific points during the pandemic, but with few changes in dietary habits. Patients reported little or no change in their means of transport in all three countries. Most patients in all three countries reported little or no physical deterioration, especially in Chinese patients (82.47%), compared to the Spanish (70.20%) and Cuban respondents (73.02%). In general, patients from all three countries demonstrated confidence in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic, although to a lesser extent among Spanish respondents. Conclusions: During the pandemic, family support was more effective in China than in Cuba and Spain. Neither COVID-19 infections nor the number of MS relapses increased significantly during lockdown in any of the three countries. Regarding their economic situation, Spanish MS patients reported a significantly less severe negative impact than those in Cuba and China. Patients from all three countries used digital or social media platforms more frequently, probably to maintain personal relationships. Chinese and Cuban respondents were more confident of the control of the pandemic than the Spanish, who were more pessimistic. © 2021
ABSTRACT
Background: The present study aimed to clarify the impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on emergency management of acute type A aortic dissection. Methods: We consecutively enrolled 337 acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) patients at emergency room in Fuwai Hospital (Beijing, China) from January to June during the 2020 COVID-19 epidemic (n = 148) and the same period in 2019 as the historical control (n = 189). The primary outcome was defined as in-hospital death. Other outcomes included automatic discharge during emergency admission. The factors with significant differences before and after the epidemic were compared and analyzed by stages with the study endpoint to clarify their changes in different stages of the epidemic. Results: There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality (35 (20.5%) vs. 23 (17.4%), p = 0.472). Compared with year 2019, proportion of patients receiving surgical treatment decreased significantly (74 (50.0%) vs. 129 (68.25%), p < 0.001). The surgery time of ATAAD patients in 2020 was significantly shorter (6.46 [5.52, 7.51] vs. 7.33 [6.00, 8.85] hours, p = 0.01). The length of stay in the emergency department significantly differed at each stage. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated a significant reduction in the number of ATAAD patients and surgical treatment during COVID-19 outbreak. The surgical strategy of patients changed, but the overall mortality was largely the same. Patients undergoing surgery had a trend toward longer interval from the onset to the operating room, but they tended to be normal at the end of the epidemic. Proper epidemic prevention policies may avoid COVID-19 hitting patients who are not infected with the virus to the greatest extent.